| Situation – what is happening at the present time? 發生了什麼事? |
| Background – what are the circumstances leading up to this situation? 引起此狀況之背景 |
| Assessment – what do I think the problem is? 發生此事件的可能問題 |
| Recommendation – what should we do to correct the problem? 提出改善或處理此問題的建議 |